General
Flandrau, Charles E. 1900. The History of Minnesota and Tales of the Frontier. E. W. Porter, St. Paul.
Lass, William E. 1977. Minnesota: A Bicentennial History. Norton, New York.
Wingerd, Mary Lethert. 2010. North Country: The Making of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
Native Peoples
Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa
Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians
Prairie Island Indian Community
Shakopee Medwakanton Sioux Community
Cochrane, Timothy. 2018. Gichi Bitobig, Grand Marais. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
Treuer, Anton. 2015. Warrior Nation: A History of the Red Lake Ojibwe. Minnesota Historical Society Press, Minneapolis.
Westerman, Gwen, et. al. 2012. Mni Sota Makoce: The Land of the Dakota. Minnesota Historical Society Press, Minneapolis.
Métis Nation of Canada website: https://mnoc.ca/english/home/
Mille Lacs Kathio State Park: https://www.dnr.state.mn.us/state_parks/park.html?id=spk00232#information
Pipestone National Monument: https://www.nps.gov/pipe/index.htm
Early French Explorers
Canadian Museum of History: https://www.historymuseum.ca/
Fur Trade and French Posts
Grand Portage National Monument website: https://www.nps.gov/grpo/index.htm
Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness website: https://www.fs.usda.gov/visit/destination/boundary-waters-canoe-area-wilderness
Snake River Fur Post: https://www.mnhs.org/furpost
Superior National Forest website: https://www.fs.usda.gov/superior
Voyageurs National Park website: https://www.nps.gov/voya/index.htm
Birk, Douglas A. 1991. The French Presence in Minnesota: The View from MO20 near Little Falls. In French Colonial Archaeology: The Illinois Country and the Western Great Lakes. edited by John A. Walthall, 237-266. Champaign, University of Illinois Press
Birk, Douglas A. 1994. When Rivers were Roads: Deciphering the Role of Canoe Portages in the Western Lake Superior Fur Trade. In The Fur Trade Revisited: Selected Papers of the Sixth North American Fur Trade Conference, Mackinac Island, Michigan, 1991, edited by Jennifer S.H. Brown, W.J. Eccles and Donald P. Heldman, 359-375. Michigan State University Press, Mackinac Island, East Lansing/Mackinac Island.
Gilman, Carolyn. 1982. Where Two Worlds Meet: The Great Lakes Fur Trade. Minnesota Historical Society Press, St. Paul.
Gilman, Carolyn (with research by Alan R. Woolworth). 1992. The Grand Portage Story. Minnesota Historical Society Press, St. Paul.
Lurie, Jon. 2022. Fur Trade in Minnesota. MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. https://www.mnopedia.org/fur-trade-minnesota
Mann, Rob. 2017. “They are Fit to Eat the Divel and Smoak his Mother:” Labor, Leisure, TobaccoPipes, and Smoking Customs among French Canadian Voyageurs during the Fur Trade Era. In Archaeological Perspectives on the French in the New World, edited by Elizabeth M. Scott, pp.58-82. The University Press of Florida, Gainesville.
Podruchny, Carolyn. 2006. Making the Voyageur World: Travelers and Traders in the North American Fur Trade. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.
French Settlement
On Hippolyte Dupuis: https://www.mnhs.org/sibley/learn/hypolite-dupuis
On Jean-Baptiste Faribault: https://www.mnhs.org/sibley/learn/jean-baptiste-faribault
On the Northwest Company: https://www.hbcheritage.ca/history/acquisitions/the-north-west-company
Even, Megan Lynn. 2022. Red River Carts. MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. https://www.mnopedia.org/thing/red-river-carts
Gilman, Rhoda, Carolyn Gilman, and Deborah M. Stultz.1979. Red River Trails: Oxcart Routes between St. Paul and the Selkirk Settlement, 1820–1870. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press.
Papen, Robert A. Les parlers français oubliés d’Amérique: le franco-minnesotain et le franco-dakotain. In Revue Canadienne de Linguistique Appliquée/Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 9. 2 RUM 37,2 pp. 149-171.
Peterson, Jacqueline. 2001. Many Roads to Red River: Métis Genesis in the Great Lakes Region, 1680–1815. In The New Peoples: Being and Becoming Métis in North America, edited by Jacqueline Peterson andJennifer S. Brown, 37–71. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society.
Vaughan, Margaret. 2021. Métis in Minnesota. MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/m-tis-minnesota
Minnesota Pages